Removed unused converters.

[philipp/winterrodeln/wrpylib.git] / wrpylib / wrvalidators.py

diff --git a/wrpylib/wrvalidators.py b/wrpylib/wrvalidators.py
index d3114550dd9a67d12c01b94241e06c004d703066..0a180882f466b270fdf144534da68e2d354649ba 100644 (file)
--- a/wrpylib/wrvalidators.py
+++ b/wrpylib/wrvalidators.py
@@ -2,357 +2,244 @@
 # -*- coding: iso-8859-15 -*-
 # $Id$
 # $HeadURL$
 # -*- coding: iso-8859-15 -*-
 # $Id$
 # $HeadURL$

-"""This file contains "validators" that convert between string and python (database) representation
-of properties used in the "Rodelbahnbox" and "Gasthausbox".
-The "to_python" method has to get a unicode argument.
+"""
+A converter is a Python variable (may be a class, class instance or anything else) that has the member
+functions from_str and to_str. From string takes a string "from the outside", checks it and returns a Python variable
+representing that value in Python. It reports error by raising ValueError. to_str does the opposite, however, it
+can assume that the value it has to convert to a string is valid. If it gets an invalid value, the behavior is
+undefined.

 """
 import datetime
 """
 import datetime

+import email.headerregistry
+import urllib.parse

 import re
 import xml.dom.minidom as minidom
 from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError
 import re
 import xml.dom.minidom as minidom
 from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError

-import collections
+from collections import OrderedDict, namedtuple
+
+import mwparserfromhell

 import formencode
 import formencode.national
 import formencode
 import formencode.national

+from wrpylib.mwmarkup import template_to_table

 
 
 
 

-class OrderedSchema(formencode.Schema):
-    def _convert_to_python(self, value, state):
-        pre_validators = self.pre_validators
-        chained_validators = self.chained_validators
-        for validator in pre_validators:
-            value = validator.to_python(value, state)
-        self.pre_validators = []
-        self.chained_validators = []
-        try:
-            result = formencode.Schema._convert_to_python(self, value, state)
-            ordered_result = collections.OrderedDict()
-            for key in value.keys():
-                ordered_result[key] = result[key]
-            for validator in chained_validators:
-                ordered_result = validator.to_python(ordered_result, state)
-        finally:
-            self.pre_validators = pre_validators
-            self.chained_validators = chained_validators
-        return ordered_result
-
-    def _convert_from_python(self, value, state):
-        # store original pre- and chained validators
-        pre_validators = self.pre_validators
-        chained_validators = self.chained_validators[:]
-        # apply chained validators
-        chained = chained_validators[:]
-        chained.reverse()
-        for validator in chained:
-            value = validator.from_python(value, state)
-        # tempoarly remove pre- and chained validators
-        self.pre_validators = []
-        self.chained_validators = []
-        # apply original _convert_from_python method
-        try:
-            result = formencode.Schema._convert_from_python(self, value, state)
-            ordered_result = collections.OrderedDict()
-            for key in value.keys():
-                ordered_result[key] = result[key]
-            # apply pre_validators
-            pre = pre_validators[:]
-            pre.reverse()
-            for validator in pre:
-                ordered_result = validator.from_python(ordered_result, state)
-        finally:
-            # resore original pre- and chained_validators
-            self.pre_validators = pre_validators
-            self.chained_validators = chained_validators
-        return ordered_result
-
-
-class NoneValidator(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Takes a validator and makes it possible that empty strings are mapped to None."""
-    def __init__(self, validator, python_none=None):
-        self.validator = validator
-        self.python_none = python_none
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        if value == '': return self.python_none
-        return self.validator.to_python(value, state)
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        if value == self.python_none: return ''
-        return self.validator.from_python(value, state)
-
-
-class NeinValidator(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Take an arbitrary validator and adds the possibility that the
-    string can be u'Nein'.
-    Example together with an UnsignedNone validator:
-    >>> v = NeinValidator(UnsignedNone())
-    >>> v.to_python(u'')
-    None
-    >>> v.to_python(u'34')
-    34
-    >>> v.to_python(u'Nein')
-    u'Nein'
-    """
-    def __init__(self, validator, python_no='Nein'):
-        self.validator = validator
-        self.python_no = python_no
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        if value == 'Nein': return self.python_no
-        return self.validator.to_python(value, state)
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        if value == self.python_no: return 'Nein'
-        return self.validator.from_python(value, state)
+# Meta converter types and functions
+# ----------------------------------

 
 

+FromToConverter = namedtuple('FromToConverter', ['from_str', 'to_str'])

 
 

-class Unicode(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Converts an unicode string to an unicode string:
-    u'any string' <=> u'any string'"""
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        return str(value)

 
 

-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        return str(value)
+def opt_from_str(value, from_str, none=None):
+    return none if value == '' else from_str(value)

 
 
 
 

-class UnicodeNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Converts an unicode string to an unicode string:
-    u'' <=> None
-    u'any string' <=> u'any string'"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, Unicode())
+def opt_to_str(value, to_str, none=None):
+    return '' if value == none else to_str(value)

 
 
 
 

-class Unsigned(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Converts an unsigned number to a string and vice versa:
-    u'0'  <=>  0
-    u'1'  <=>  1
-    u'45' <=> 45
-    """
-    def __init__(self, max=None):
-        self.iv = formencode.validators.Int(min=0, max=max)
+def choice_from_str(value, choices):
+    if value not in choices:
+        raise ValueError('{} is an invalid value')
+    return value

 
 

-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        return self.iv.to_python(value, state)
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        return str(value)

 
 

+def dictkey_from_str(value, key_str_dict):
+    try:
+        return dict(list(zip(key_str_dict.values(), key_str_dict.keys())))[value]
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid value '{}'".format(value))

 
 

-class UnsignedNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Converts an unsigned number to a string and vice versa:
-    u''   <=> None
-    u'0'  <=>  0
-    u'1'  <=>  1
-    u'45' <=> 45
-    """
-    def __init__(self, max=None):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, Unsigned(max))

 
 

+def dictkey_to_str(value, key_str_dict):
+    try:
+        return key_str_dict[value]
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid value '{}'".format(value))

 
 

-class UnsignedNeinNone(NoneValidator):
-    """ Translates a number of Nein to a number.
-    u''     <=> None
-    u'Nein' <=> 0
-    u'1'    <=> 1
-    u'2'    <=> 2
-    ...
-    """
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, UnsignedNone())

 
 

+# Basic type converter functions
+# ------------------------------

 
 

-class Loop(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Takes a validator and calls from_python(to_python(value))."""
-    def __init__(self, validator):
-        self.validator = validator

 
 

-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        return self.validator.from_python(self.validator.to_python(value, state))
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        # we don't call self.validator.to_python(self.validator.from_python(value))
-        # here because our to_python implementation basically leaves the input untouched
-        # and so should from_python do.
-        return self.validator.from_python(self.validator.to_python(value, state))
-
-
-class DictValidator(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Translates strings to other values via a python directory.
-    >>> boolValidator = DictValidator({u'': None, u'Ja': True, u'Nein': False})
-    >>> boolValidator.to_python(u'')
-    None
-    >>> boolValidator.to_python(u'Ja')
-    True
-    """
-    def __init__(self, dict):
-        self.dict = dict
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        if value not in self.dict: raise formencode.Invalid("Key not found in dict.", value, state)
-        return self.dict[value]
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        for k, v in self.dict.items():
-            if v == value:
-                return k
-        raise formencode.Invalid('Invalid value', value, state)
+def str_from_str(value):
+    return value

 
 
 
 

-class GermanBoolNone(DictValidator):
-    """Converts German bool values to the python bool type:
-    u''     <=> None
-    u'Ja'   <=> True
-    u'Nein' <=> False
-    """
-    def __init__(self):
-        DictValidator.__init__(self, {'': None, 'Ja': True, 'Nein': False})
-
-
-class GermanTristateTuple(DictValidator):
-    """Does the following conversion:
-    u''          <=> (None, None)
-    u'Ja'        <=> (True, False)
-    u'Teilweise' <=> (True,  True)
-    u'Nein'      <=> (False, True)"""
-    def __init__(self, yes_python = (True, False), no_python = (False, True), partly_python = (True, True), none_python = (None, None)):
-        DictValidator.__init__(self, {'': none_python, 'Ja': yes_python, 'Nein': no_python, 'Teilweise': partly_python})
-
-
-class GermanTristateFloat(GermanTristateTuple):
-    """Converts the a property with the possible values 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 or None
-    to a German text:
-    u''          <=> None
-    u'Ja'        <=> 1.0
-    u'Teilweise' <=> 0.5
-    u'Nein'      <=> 0.0"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        GermanTristateTuple.__init__(self, yes_python=1.0, no_python=0.0, partly_python=0.5, none_python=None)
+def str_to_str(value):
+    return value

 
 
 
 

-class ValueComment(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Converts value with a potentially optional comment to a python tuple. If a comment is present, the
-    closing bracket has to be the rightmost character.
-    u''                                 <=> (None, None)
-    u'value'                            <=> (u'value', None)
-    u'value (comment)'                  <=> (u'value', u'comment')
-    u'[[link (linkcomment)]]'           <=> (u'[[link (linkcomment)]]', None)
-    u'[[link (linkcomment)]] (comment)' <=> (u'[[link (linkcomment)]]', comment)
-    """
-    def __init__(self, value_validator=UnicodeNone(), comment_validator=UnicodeNone(), comment_is_optional=True):
-        self.value_validator = value_validator
-        self.comment_validator = comment_validator
-        self.comment_is_optional = comment_is_optional
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        if value == '':
-            v = value
-            c = value
-        else:
-            right = value.rfind(')')
-            if right+1 != len(value):
-                if not self.comment_is_optional: raise formencode.Invalid('Mandatory comment not present', value, state)
-                v = value
-                c = ''
-            else:
-                left = value.rfind('(')
-                if left < 0: raise formencode.Invalid('Invalid format', value, state)
-                v = value[:left].strip()
-                c = value[left+1:right].strip()
-        return self.value_validator.to_python(v, state), self.comment_validator.to_python(c, state)
+def opt_str_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, str_from_str)

 
 

-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        assert len(value) == 2
-        v = self.value_validator.from_python(value[0], state)
-        c = self.comment_validator.from_python(value[1], state)
-        if len(c) > 0:
-            if len(v) > 0: return '%s (%s)' % (v, c)
-            else: return '(%s)' % c
-        return v
-
-
-class SemicolonList(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Applies a given validator to a semicolon separated list of values and returns a python list.
-    For an empty string an empty list is returned."""
-    def __init__(self, validator=Unicode()):
-        self.validator = validator
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        return [self.validator.to_python(s.strip(), state) for s in value.split(';')]
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        return "; ".join([self.validator.from_python(s, state) for s in value])
-        
-    
-class ValueCommentList(SemicolonList):
-    """A value-comment list looks like one of the following lines:
-        value
-        value (optional comment)
-        value1; value2
-        value1; value2 (optional comment)
-        value1 (optional comment1); value2 (optional comment2); value3 (otional comment3)
-        value1 (optional comment1); value2 (optional comment2); value3 (otional comment3)
-    This function returns the value-comment list as list of tuples:
-        [(u'value1', u'comment1'), (u'value2', None)]
-    If no comment is present, None is specified.
-    For an empty string, [] is returned."""    
-    def __init__(self, value_validator=Unicode(), comments_are_optional=True):
-        SemicolonList.__init__(self, ValueComment(value_validator, comment_is_optional=comments_are_optional))
-
-
-class GenericDateTime(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Converts a generic date/time information to a datetime class with a user defined format.
-    '2009-03-22 20:36:15' would be specified as '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'."""
-    
-    def __init__(self, date_time_format = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', **keywords):
-        formencode.FancyValidator.__init__(self, **keywords)
-        self.date_time_format = date_time_format
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        try: return datetime.datetime.strptime(value, self.date_time_format)
-        except ValueError as e: raise formencode.Invalid(str(e), value, state)
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        return value.strftime(self.date_time_format)

 
 

+def opt_str_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, str_to_str)

 
 

-class DateTimeNoSec(GenericDateTime):
-    def __init__(self, **keywords):
-        GenericDateTime.__init__(self, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', **keywords)

 
 

+opt_str_converter = FromToConverter(opt_str_from_str, opt_str_to_str)

 
 

-class DateNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Converts date information to date classes with the format '%Y-%m-%d' or None."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, GenericDateTime('%Y-%m-%d'))

 
 

+def req_str_from_str(value):
+    if value == '':
+        raise ValueError('missing required value')
+    return str_from_str(value)

 
 

-class Geo(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Formats to coordinates '47.076207 N 11.453553 E' to the (latitude, longitude) tuplet."""
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        r = re.match('(\d+\.\d+) N (\d+\.\d+) E', value)
-        if r is None: raise formencode.Invalid("Coordinates '%s' have not a format like '47.076207 N 11.453553 E'" % value, value, state)
-        return (float(r.groups()[0]), float(r.groups()[1]))
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        latitude, longitude = value
-        return '%.6f N %.6f E' % (latitude, longitude)

 
 

+def int_from_str(value, min=None, max=None):
+    value = int(value)
+    if min is not None and value < min:
+        raise ValueError('{} must be >= than {}'.format(value, min))
+    if max is not None and value > max:
+        raise ValueError('{} must be <= than {}'.format(value, max))
+    return value
+
+
+def int_to_str(value):
+    return str(value)
+
+
+def opt_int_from_str(value, min=None, max=None):
+    return opt_from_str(value, lambda val: int_from_str(val, min, max))
+
+
+def opt_int_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, int_to_str)
+
+
+opt_int_converter = FromToConverter(opt_int_from_str, opt_int_to_str)
+
+
+IntConverter = FromToConverter(int_from_str, int_to_str)
+
+
+# Complex types
+# -------------
+
+def enum_from_str(value, from_str=req_str_from_str, separator=';', min_len=0):
+    """Semicolon separated list of entries with the same "type"."""
+    values = value.split(separator)
+    if len(values) == 1 and values[0] == '':
+        values = []
+    if len(values) < min_len:
+        raise ValueError('at least {} entry/entries have to be in the enumeration'.format(min_len))
+    return list(map(from_str, map(str.strip, values)))
+
+
+def enum_to_str(value, to_str=opt_str_to_str, separator='; '):
+    return separator.join(map(to_str, value))
+
+
+# Specific converter functions
+# ----------------------------
+
+BOOL_GERMAN = OrderedDict([(False, 'Nein'), (True, 'Ja')])
+
+
+def bool_german_from_str(value):
+    return dictkey_from_str(value, BOOL_GERMAN)
+
+
+def bool_german_to_str(value):
+    return dictkey_to_str(value, BOOL_GERMAN)
+
+
+def opt_bool_german_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, bool_german_from_str)
+
+
+def opt_bool_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, bool_german_to_str)
+
+
+opt_bool_german_converter = FromToConverter(opt_bool_german_from_str, opt_bool_german_to_str)
+
+
+TRISTATE_GERMAN = OrderedDict([(0.0, 'Nein'), (0.5, 'Teilweise'), (1.0, 'Ja')])
+
+
+def tristate_german_from_str(value):
+    return dictkey_from_str(value, TRISTATE_GERMAN)
+
+
+def tristate_german_to_str(value):
+    return dictkey_to_str(value, TRISTATE_GERMAN)
+
+
+def opt_tristate_german_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, tristate_german_from_str)
+
+
+def opt_tristate_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, tristate_german_to_str)
+
+
+def meter_from_str(value):
+    return int_from_str(value, min=0)
+
+
+def meter_to_str(value):
+    return int_to_str(value)
+
+
+def opt_meter_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, meter_from_str)
+
+
+def opt_meter_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, meter_to_str)
+
+
+opt_meter_converter = FromToConverter(opt_meter_from_str, opt_meter_to_str)
+
+
+def minutes_from_str(value):
+    return int_from_str(value, min=0)
+
+
+def minutes_to_str(value):
+    return int_to_str(value)
+
+
+def opt_minutes_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, minutes_from_str)
+
+
+def opt_minutes_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, minutes_to_str)
+
+
+opt_minutes_converter = FromToConverter(opt_minutes_from_str, opt_minutes_to_str)
+
+
+LonLat = namedtuple('LonLat', ['lon', 'lat'])
+
+
+lonlat_none = LonLat(None, None)
+
+
+def lonlat_from_str(value):
+    """Converts a winterrodeln geo string like '47.076207 N 11.453553 E' (being '<latitude> N <longitude> E'
+    to the LonLat(lon, lat) named  tupel."""
+    r = re.match('(\d+\.\d+) N (\d+\.\d+) E', value)
+    if r is None: raise ValueError("Coordinates '{}' have not a format like '47.076207 N 11.453553 E'".format(value))
+    return LonLat(float(r.groups()[1]), float(r.groups()[0]))
+
+
+def lonlat_to_str(value):
+    return '{:.6f} N {:.6f} E'.format(value.lat, value.lon)
+
+
+def opt_lonlat_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, lonlat_from_str, lonlat_none)
+
+
+def opt_lonlat_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, lonlat_to_str, lonlat_none)
+
+
+opt_lonlat_converter = FromToConverter(opt_lonlat_from_str, opt_lonlat_to_str)

 
 

-class GeoNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Formats to coordinates '47.076207 N 11.453553 E' to the (latitude, longitude) tuplet."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, Geo(), (None, None))

 
 
 class MultiGeo(formencode.FancyValidator):
 
 
 class MultiGeo(formencode.FancyValidator):


@@ -449,149 +336,223 @@ class MultiGeo(formencode.FancyValidator):
         return "\n".join(result)
 
 
         return "\n".join(result)
 
 

-# deprecated
-class AustrianPhoneNumber(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """
-    Validates and converts phone numbers to +##/###/####### or +##/###/#######-### (having an extension)
-    @param  default_cc      country code for prepending if none is provided, defaults to 43 (Austria)
-    ::
-        >>> v = AustrianPhoneNumber()
-        >>> v.to_python(u'0512/12345678')
-        u'+43/512/12345678'
-        >>> v.to_python(u'+43/512/12345678')
-        u'+43/512/12345678'
-        >>> v.to_python(u'0512/1234567-89') # 89 is the extension
-        u'+43/512/1234567-89'
-        >>> v.to_python(u'+43/512/1234567-89')
-        u'+43/512/1234567-89'
-        >>> v.to_python(u'0512 / 12345678') # Exception
-        >>> v.to_python(u'0512-12345678') # Exception
-    """
-    # Inspired by formencode.national.InternationalPhoneNumber
+DIFFICULTY_GERMAN = OrderedDict([(1, 'leicht'), (2, 'mittel'), (3, 'schwer')])

 
 

-    default_cc = 43 # Default country code
-    messages = {'phoneFormat': "'%%(value)s' is an invalid format. Please enter a number in the form +43/###/####### or 0###/########."}

 
 

-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        m = re.match('^(?:\+(\d+)/)?([\d/]+)(?:-(\d+))?$', value)
-        # This will separate 
-        #     u'+43/512/1234567-89'  => (u'43', u'512/1234567', u'89')
-        #     u'+43/512/1234/567-89' => (u'43', u'512/1234/567', u'89')
-        #     u'+43/512/1234/567'    => (u'43', u'512/1234/567', None)
-        #     u'0512/1234567'        => (None, u'0512/1234567', None)
-        if m is None: raise formencode.Invalid(self.message('phoneFormat', None) % {'value': value}, value, state)
-        (country, phone, extension) = m.groups()
-        
-        # Phone
-        if phone.find('//') > -1 or phone.count('/') == 0: raise formencode.Invalid(self.message('phoneFormat', None) % {'value': value}, value, state)
-        
-        # Country
-        if country is None:
-            if phone[0] != '0': raise formencode.Invalid(self.message('phoneFormat', None) % {'value': value}, value, state)
-            phone = phone[1:]
-            country = str(self.default_cc)
-        
-        if extension is None: return '+%s/%s' % (country, phone)
-        return '+%s/%s-%s' % (country, phone, extension)
+def difficulty_german_from_str(value):
+    return dictkey_from_str(value, DIFFICULTY_GERMAN)

 
 
 
 

-# Deprecated
-class AustrianPhoneNumberNone(NoneValidator):
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, AustrianPhoneNumber())
+def difficulty_german_to_str(value):
+    return dictkey_to_str(value, DIFFICULTY_GERMAN)

 
 
 
 

-# Deprecated
-class AustrianPhoneNumberCommentLoop(NoneValidator):
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, Loop(ValueComment(AustrianPhoneNumber())))
+def opt_difficulty_german_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, difficulty_german_from_str)

 
 
 
 

-class GermanDifficulty(DictValidator):
-    """Converts the difficulty represented in a number from 1 to 3 (or None)
-    to a German representation:
-    u''       <=> None
-    u'leicht' <=> 1
-    u'mittel' <=> 2
-    u'schwer' <=> 3"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        DictValidator.__init__(self, {'': None, 'leicht': 1, 'mittel': 2, 'schwer': 3})
+def opt_difficulty_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, difficulty_german_to_str)

 
 
 
 

-class GermanAvalanches(DictValidator):
-    """Converts the avalanches property represented as number from 1 to 4 (or None)
-    to a German representation:
-    u''             <=> None
-    u'kaum'         <=> 1
-    u'selten'       <=> 2
-    u'gelegentlich' <=> 3
-    u'häufig'       <=> 4"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        DictValidator.__init__(self, {'': None, 'kaum': 1, 'selten': 2, 'gelegentlich': 3, 'häufig': 4})
-
-
-class GermanPublicTransport(DictValidator):
-    """Converts the public_transport property represented as number from 1 to 6 (or None)
-    to a German representation:
-    u''            <=> None
-    u'Sehr gut'    <=> 1
-    u'Gut'         <=> 2
-    u'Mittelmäßig' <=> 3
-    u'Schlecht'    <=> 4
-    u'Nein'        <=> 5
-    u'Ja'          <=> 6"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        DictValidator.__init__(self, {'': None, 'Sehr gut': 1, 'Gut': 2, 'Mittelmäßig': 3, 'Schlecht': 4, 'Nein': 5, 'Ja': 6})
-
-
-class GermanTristateFloatComment(ValueComment):
-    """Converts the a property with the possible values 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 or None and an optional comment
-    in parenthesis to a German text:
-    u''                  <=> (None, None)
-    u'Ja'                <=> (1.0,  None)
-    u'Teilweise'         <=> (0.5,  None)
-    u'Nein'              <=> (0.0,  None)
-    u'Ja (aber schmal)'  <=> (1.0,  u'aber schmal')
-    u'Teilweise (oben)'  <=> (0.5,  u'oben')
-    u'Nein (aber breit)' <=> (0.0,  u'aber breit')
-    """
-    def __init__(self):
-        ValueComment.__init__(self, GermanTristateFloat())
+opt_difficulty_german_converter = FromToConverter(opt_difficulty_german_from_str, opt_difficulty_german_to_str)
+
+
+AVALANCHES_GERMAN = OrderedDict([(1, 'kaum'), (2, 'selten'), (3, 'gelegentlich'), (4, 'häufig')])
+
+
+def avalanches_german_from_str(value):
+    return dictkey_from_str(value, AVALANCHES_GERMAN)
+
+
+def avalanches_german_to_str(value):
+    return dictkey_to_str(value, AVALANCHES_GERMAN)
+
+
+def opt_avalanches_german_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, avalanches_german_from_str)
+
+
+def opt_avalanches_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, avalanches_german_to_str)
+
+
+opt_avalanches_german_converter = FromToConverter(opt_avalanches_german_from_str, opt_avalanches_german_to_str)

 
 
 
 

-class UnsignedCommentNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Converts the a property with unsigned values an optional comment
-    in parenthesis to a text:
-    u''           <=> (None, None)
-    u'2 (Mo, Di)' <=> (2,  u'Mo, Di')
-    u'7'          <=> (7,  None)
-    u'0'          <=> (0,  None)
+PUBLIC_TRANSPORT_GERMAN = OrderedDict([(1, 'Sehr gut'), (2, 'Gut'), (3, 'Mittelmäßig'), (4, 'Schlecht'), (5, 'Nein'), (6, 'Ja')])
+
+
+def public_transport_german_from_str(value):
+    return dictkey_from_str(value, PUBLIC_TRANSPORT_GERMAN)
+
+
+def public_transport_german_to_str(value):
+    return dictkey_to_str(value, PUBLIC_TRANSPORT_GERMAN)
+
+
+def opt_public_transport_german_from_str(value):
+    return opt_from_str(value, public_transport_german_from_str)
+
+
+def opt_public_transport_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_to_str(value, public_transport_german_to_str)
+
+
+opt_public_transport_german_converter = FromToConverter(opt_public_transport_german_from_str, opt_public_transport_german_to_str)
+
+
+def value_comment_from_str(value, value_from_str=str_from_str, comment_from_str=str_from_str, comment_optional=False):
+    """Makes it possible to have a mandatory comment in parenthesis at the end of the string."""
+    open_brackets = 0
+    comment = ''
+    comment_end_pos = None
+    for i, char in enumerate(value[::-1]):
+        if char == ')':
+            open_brackets += 1
+            if open_brackets == 1:
+                comment_end_pos = i
+                if len(value[-1-comment_end_pos:].rstrip()) > 1:
+                    raise ValueError('invalid characters after comment')
+        elif char == '(':
+            open_brackets -= 1
+            if open_brackets == 0:
+                comment = value[-i:-1-comment_end_pos]
+                value = value[:-i-1].rstrip()
+                break
+    else:
+        if open_brackets > 0:
+            raise ValueError('bracket mismatch')
+        if not comment_optional:
+            raise ValueError('mandatory comment not found')
+    return value_from_str(value), comment_from_str(comment)
+
+
+def value_comment_to_str(value, value_to_str=str_to_str, comment_to_str=str_to_str, comment_optional=False):
+    left = value_to_str(value[0])
+    comment = comment_to_str(value[1])
+    if len(comment) > 0 or not comment_optional:
+        comment = '({})'.format(comment)
+    if len(left) == 0:
+        return comment
+    if len(comment) == 0:
+        return left
+    return '{} {}'.format(left, comment)
+
+
+def opt_tristate_german_comment_from_str(value):
+    """Ja, Nein or Vielleicht, optionally with comment in parenthesis."""
+    return value_comment_from_str(value, opt_tristate_german_from_str, opt_str_from_str, True)
+
+
+def opt_tristate_german_comment_to_str(value):
+    return value_comment_to_str(value, opt_tristate_german_to_str, opt_str_to_str, True)
+
+
+opt_tristate_german_comment_converter = FromToConverter(opt_tristate_german_comment_from_str, opt_tristate_german_comment_to_str)
+
+
+def no_german_from_str(value, from_str=req_str_from_str, use_tuple=True, no_value=None):
+    if value == 'Nein':
+        return (False, no_value) if use_tuple else no_value
+    return (True, from_str(value)) if use_tuple else from_str(value)
+
+
+def no_german_to_str(value, to_str=str_to_str, use_tuple=True, no_value=None):
+    if use_tuple:
+        if not value[0]:
+            return 'Nein'
+        return to_str(value[1])
+    else:
+        if value == no_value:
+            return 'Nein'
+        return to_str(value)
+
+
+def opt_no_german_from_str(value, from_str=str_from_str, use_tuple=True, no_value=None, none=(None, None)):
+    return opt_from_str(value, lambda v: no_german_from_str(v, from_str, use_tuple, no_value), none)
+
+
+def opt_no_german_to_str(value, to_str=str_to_str, use_tuple=True, no_value=None, none=(None, None)):
+    return opt_to_str(value, lambda v: no_german_to_str(v, to_str, use_tuple, no_value), none)
+
+
+def night_light_from_str(value):
+    """'Beleuchtungsanlage' Tristate with optional comment:
+    ''                  <=> (None, None)
+    'Ja'                <=> (1.0,  None)
+    'Teilweise'         <=> (0.5,  None)
+    'Nein'              <=> (0.0,  None)
+    'Ja (aber schmal)'  <=> (1.0,  'aber schmal')
+    'Teilweise (oben)'  <=> (0.5,  'oben')
+    'Nein (aber breit)' <=> (0.0,  'aber breit')

     """
     """

-    def __init__(self, max=None):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, ValueComment(Unsigned(max=max)), (None, None))
+    return
+
+
+def nightlightdays_from_str(value):
+    return value_comment_from_str(value, lambda val: opt_from_str(val, lambda v: int_from_str(v, min=0, max=7)), opt_str_from_str, comment_optional=True)

 
 
 
 

-class GermanCachet(formencode.FancyValidator):
+def nightlightdays_to_str(value):
+    return value_comment_to_str(value, lambda val: opt_to_str(val, int_to_str), opt_str_to_str, comment_optional=True)
+
+
+nightlightdays_converter = FromToConverter(nightlightdays_from_str, nightlightdays_to_str)
+
+
+CACHET_REGEXP = [r'(Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel) ([12]\d{3}) (leicht|mittel|schwer)$']
+
+
+def single_cachet_german_from_str(value):
+    for pattern in CACHET_REGEXP:
+        match = re.match(pattern, value)
+        if match:
+            return match.groups()
+    raise ValueError("'{}' is no valid cachet".format(value))
+
+
+def single_cachet_german_to_str(value):
+    return ' '.join(value)
+
+
+def cachet_german_from_str(value):

     """Converts a "Gütesiegel":
     """Converts a "Gütesiegel":

-    u'' <=> None
-    u'Nein' <=> 'Nein'
-    u'Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel 2009 mittel' <=> u'Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel 2009 mittel'"""
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        if value == '': return None
-        elif value == 'Nein': return value
-        elif value.startswith('Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel '):
-            p = value.split(" ")
-            Unsigned().to_python(p[2], state) # check if year can be parsed
-            if not p[3] in ['leicht', 'mittel', 'schwer']: raise formencode.Invalid("Unbekannter Schwierigkeitsgrad", value, state)
-            return value
-        else: raise formencode.Invalid("Unbekanntes Gütesiegel", value, state)
+    '' => None
+    'Nein' => []
+    'Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel 2009 mittel' => [('Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel', '2009', 'mittel')]"""
+    return opt_no_german_from_str(value, lambda val: enum_from_str(val, single_cachet_german_from_str), False, [], None)
+

     
     

-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        if value is None: return ''
-        assert value != ''
-        return self.to_python(value, state)
+def cachet_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_to_str(value, lambda val: enum_to_str(val, single_cachet_german_to_str), False, [], None)
+
+
+cachet_german_converter = FromToConverter(cachet_german_from_str, cachet_german_to_str)
+
+
+def url_from_str(value):
+    result = urllib.parse.urlparse(value)
+    if result.scheme not in ['http', 'https']:
+        raise ValueError('scheme has to be http or https')
+    if not result.netloc:
+        raise ValueError('url does not contain netloc')
+    return value
+
+
+def url_to_str(value):
+    return value
+
+
+def webauskunft_from_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_from_str(value, url_from_str)
+
+
+def webauskunft_to_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_to_str(value, url_to_str)
+
+
+webauskunft_converter = FromToConverter(webauskunft_from_str, webauskunft_to_str)

 
 
 class Url(formencode.FancyValidator):
 
 
 class Url(formencode.FancyValidator):


@@ -614,43 +575,41 @@ class Url(formencode.FancyValidator):
         return value
 
 
         return value
 
 

-class UrlNeinNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Validates an URL. In contrast to fromencode.validators.URL, umlauts are allowed.
-    The special value u"Nein" is allowed."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, NeinValidator(Url()))
+def phone_number_from_str(value):
+    match = re.match(r'\+\d+(-\d+)*$', value)
+    if match is None:
+        raise ValueError('invalid format of phone number - use something like +43-699-1234567')
+    return value

 
 
 
 

-class ValueCommentListNeinLoopNone(NoneValidator):
-    """Translates a semicolon separated list of values with optional comments in paranthesis or u'Nein' to itself.
-    An empty string is translated to None:
-    u''                   <=> None
-    u'Nein'               <=> u'Nein'
-    u'T-Mobile (gut); A1' <=> u'T-Mobile (gut); A1'"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, NeinValidator(Loop(ValueCommentList())))
+def phone_number_to_str(value):
+    return value

 
 
 
 

-class PhoneNumber(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Telefonnumber in international format, e.g. u'+43-699-1234567'"""
-    def __init__(self, default_cc=43):
-        self.validator = formencode.national.InternationalPhoneNumber(default_cc=lambda: default_cc)
+def telefonauskunft_from_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_from_str(value, lambda val: enum_from_str(val, lambda v: value_comment_from_str(v, phone_number_from_str, req_str_from_str, False)), False, [], None)

 
 

-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        return str(self.validator.to_python(value, state))

 
 

-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        return self.validator.from_python(value, state)
+def telefonauskunft_to_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_to_str(value, lambda val: enum_to_str(val, lambda v: value_comment_to_str(v, phone_number_to_str, str_to_str)), False, [], None)
+
+
+telefonauskunft_converter = FromToConverter(telefonauskunft_from_str, telefonauskunft_to_str)
+
+
+def email_from_str(value):
+    """Takes an email address like 'office@example.com', checks it for correctness and returns it again as string."""
+    try:
+        email.headerregistry.Address(addr_spec=value)
+    except email.errors.HeaderParseError as e:
+        raise ValueError('Invalid email address: {}'.format(value), e)
+    return value
+
+
+def email_to_str(value):
+    return str(email)

 
 
 
 

-class PhoneCommentListNeinLoopNone(NoneValidator):
-    """List with semicolon-separated phone numbers in international format with optional comment or 'Nein' as string:
-    u''                                                       <=> None
-    u'Nein'                                                   <=> u'Nein'
-    u'+43-699-1234567 (nicht nach 20:00 Uhr); +43-512-123456' <=> u'+43-699-1234567 (nicht nach 20:00 Uhr); +43-512-123456'
-    """
-    def __init__(self, comments_are_optional):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, NeinValidator(Loop(ValueCommentList(PhoneNumber(default_cc=43), comments_are_optional=comments_are_optional))))

 
 
 class MaskedEmail(formencode.FancyValidator):
 
 
 class MaskedEmail(formencode.FancyValidator):


@@ -685,6 +644,7 @@ class MaskedEmail(formencode.FancyValidator):
         return email
 
 
         return email
 
 

+'''

 class EmailCommentListNeinLoopNone(NoneValidator):
     """Converts a semicolon-separated list of email addresses with optional comments to itself.
     The special value of u'Nein' indicates that there are no email addresses.
 class EmailCommentListNeinLoopNone(NoneValidator):
     """Converts a semicolon-separated list of email addresses with optional comments to itself.
     The special value of u'Nein' indicates that there are no email addresses.


@@ -699,7 +659,7 @@ class EmailCommentListNeinLoopNone(NoneValidator):
     """
     def __init__(self, allow_masked_email=False):
         NoneValidator.__init__(self, NeinValidator(Loop(ValueCommentList(MaskedEmail() if allow_masked_email else formencode.validators.Email()))))
     """
     def __init__(self, allow_masked_email=False):
         NoneValidator.__init__(self, NeinValidator(Loop(ValueCommentList(MaskedEmail() if allow_masked_email else formencode.validators.Email()))))

-
+'''

 
 class WikiPage(formencode.FancyValidator):
     """Validates wiki page name like u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]'.
 
 class WikiPage(formencode.FancyValidator):
     """Validates wiki page name like u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]'.


@@ -725,8 +685,10 @@ class WikiPageList(SemicolonList):
     """
     def __init__(self):
         SemicolonList.__init__(self, WikiPage())
     """
     def __init__(self):
         SemicolonList.__init__(self, WikiPage())

+'''

 
 
 
 

+'''

 class WikiPageListLoopNone(NoneValidator):
     """Validates a list of wiki pages like u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]; [[Kemater Alm]]' as string.
     u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]; [[Kemater Alm]]' <=> u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]; [[Kemater Alm]]'
 class WikiPageListLoopNone(NoneValidator):
     """Validates a list of wiki pages like u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]; [[Kemater Alm]]' as string.
     u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]; [[Kemater Alm]]' <=> u'[[Birgitzer Alm]]; [[Kemater Alm]]'


@@ -735,113 +697,175 @@ class WikiPageListLoopNone(NoneValidator):
     """
     def __init__(self):
         NoneValidator.__init__(self, Loop(WikiPageList()))
     """
     def __init__(self):
         NoneValidator.__init__(self, Loop(WikiPageList()))

+'''

 
 
 
 

-class TupleSecondValidator(formencode.FancyValidator):
-    """Does not really validate anything but puts the string through
-    a validator in the second part of a tuple.
-    Examples with an Unsigned() validator and the True argument:
-    u'6' <=> (True, 6)
-    u'2' <=> (True, 2)"""
-    def __init__(self, first=True, validator=UnicodeNone()):
-        self.first = first
-        self.validator = validator
-    
-    def to_python(self, value, state=None):
-        self.assert_string(value, state)
-        return self.first, self.validator.to_python(value, state)
-    
-    def from_python(self, value, state=None):
-        assert value[0] == self.first
-        return self.validator.from_python(value[1], state)
-
-
-class BoolUnicodeTupleValidator(NoneValidator):
-    """Translates an unparsed string or u'Nein' to a tuple:
-    u''         <=> (None, None)
-    u'Nein'     <=> (False, None)
-    u'any text' <=> (True, u'any text')
-    """
-    def __init__(self, validator=UnicodeNone()):
-        NoneValidator.__init__(self, NeinValidator(TupleSecondValidator(True, validator), (False, None)), (None, None))
+LIFT_GERMAN = ['Sessellift', 'Gondel', 'Linienbus', 'Taxi', 'Sonstige']

 
 
 
 

-class GermanLift(BoolUnicodeTupleValidator):
+def lift_german_from_str(value):

     """Checks a lift_details property. It is a value comment property with the following
     values allowed:
     """Checks a lift_details property. It is a value comment property with the following
     values allowed:

-    u'Sessellift'
-    u'Gondel'
-    u'Linienbus'
-    u'Taxi'
-    u'Sonstige'
+    'Sessellift'
+    'Gondel'
+    'Linienbus'
+    'Taxi'
+    'Sonstige'

     Alternatively, the value u'Nein' is allowed.
     An empty string maps to (None, None).
     Alternatively, the value u'Nein' is allowed.
     An empty string maps to (None, None).

-    
+

     Examples:
     Examples:

-    u''                                       <=> (None, None)
-    u'Nein'                                   <=> (False, None)
-    u'Sessellift                              <=> (True, u'Sessellift')
-    u'Gondel (nur bis zur Hälfte)'            <=> (True, u'Gondel (nur bis zur Hälfte)')
-    u'Sessellift; Taxi'                       <=> (True, u'Sessellift; Taxi')
-    u'Sessellift (Wochenende); Taxi (6 Euro)' <=> (True, u'Sessellift (Wochenende); Taxi (6 Euro)')
+    ''                                       <=> None
+    'Nein'                                   <=> []
+    'Sessellift                              <=> [('Sessellift', None)]
+    'Gondel (nur bis zur Hälfte)'            <=> [('Gondel', 'nur bis zur Hälfte')]
+    'Sessellift; Taxi'                       <=> [('Sessellift', None), ('Taxi', None)]
+    'Sessellift (Wochenende); Taxi (6 Euro)' <=> [('Sessellift', 'Wochenende'), ('Taxi', '6 Euro')]

     """
     """

-    def __init__(self):
-        BoolUnicodeTupleValidator.__init__(self, Loop(ValueCommentList(DictValidator({'Sessellift': 'Sessellift', 'Gondel': 'Gondel', 'Linienbus': 'Linienbus', 'Taxi': 'Taxi', 'Sonstige': 'Sonstige'}))))
-        
+    return opt_no_german_from_str(value, lambda value_enum: enum_from_str(value_enum, lambda value_comment: value_comment_from_str(value_comment, lambda v: choice_from_str(v, LIFT_GERMAN), opt_str_from_str, comment_optional=True)), use_tuple=False, no_value=[], none=None)

 
 

-class SledRental(BoolUnicodeTupleValidator):
-    """The value can be an empty string, u'Nein' or a comma-separated list of unicode strings with optional comments.
-    u''                                       <=> (None, None)
-    u'Nein'                                   <=> (False, None)
-    u'Talstation (nur mit Ticket); Schneealm' <=> (True, u'Talstation (nur mit Ticket); Schneealm')"""
-    def __init__(self):
-        BoolUnicodeTupleValidator.__init__(self, Loop(ValueCommentList()))

 
 

+def lift_german_to_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_to_str(value, lambda value_enum: enum_to_str(value_enum, lambda value_comment: value_comment_to_str(value_comment, str_to_str, opt_str_to_str, comment_optional=True)), use_tuple=False, no_value=[], none=None)

 
 

-class RodelbahnboxDictValidator(OrderedSchema):
-    """Takes the fields of the Rodelbahnbox as dict of strings and returns them as dict of appropriet types."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.add_field('Position', GeoNone()) # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
-        self.add_field('Position oben', GeoNone()) # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
-        self.add_field('Höhe oben', UnsignedNone()) # '2000'
-        self.add_field('Position unten', GeoNone()) # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
-        self.add_field('Höhe unten', UnsignedNone()) # '1200'
-        self.add_field('Länge', UnsignedNone()) # 3500
-        self.add_field('Schwierigkeit', GermanDifficulty()) # 'mittel'
-        self.add_field('Lawinen', GermanAvalanches()) # 'kaum'
-        self.add_field('Betreiber', UnicodeNone()) # 'Max Mustermann'
-        self.add_field('Öffentliche Anreise', GermanPublicTransport()) # 'Mittelmäßig'
-        self.add_field('Aufstieg möglich', GermanBoolNone()) # 'Ja'
-        self.add_field('Aufstieg getrennt', GermanTristateFloatComment()) # 'Ja'
-        self.add_field('Gehzeit', UnsignedNone()) # 90
-        self.add_field('Aufstiegshilfe', GermanLift()) # 'Gondel (unterer Teil)'
-        self.add_field('Beleuchtungsanlage', GermanTristateFloatComment())
-        self.add_field('Beleuchtungstage', UnsignedCommentNone(7)) # '3 (Montag, Mittwoch, Freitag)'
-        self.add_field('Rodelverleih', SledRental()) # 'Talstation Serlesbahnan'
-        self.add_field('Gütesiegel', GermanCachet()) # 'Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel 2009 mittel'
-        self.add_field('Webauskunft', UrlNeinNone()) # 'http://www.nösslachhütte.at/page9.php'
-        self.add_field('Telefonauskunft', PhoneCommentListNeinLoopNone(comments_are_optional=False)) # '+43-664-5487520 (Mitterer Alm)'
-        self.add_field('Bild', UnicodeNone())
-        self.add_field('In Übersichtskarte', GermanBoolNone())
-        self.add_field('Forumid', UnsignedNeinNone())
-
-
-class GasthausboxDictValidator(OrderedSchema):
-    """Takes the fields of the Gasthausbox as dict of strings and returns them as dict of appropriet types."""
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.add_field('Position', GeoNone()) # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
-        self.add_field('Höhe', UnsignedNone())
-        self.add_field('Betreiber', UnicodeNone())
-        self.add_field('Sitzplätze', UnsignedNone())
-        self.add_field('Übernachtung', BoolUnicodeTupleValidator())
-        self.add_field('Rauchfrei', GermanTristateTuple())
-        self.add_field('Rodelverleih', BoolUnicodeTupleValidator())
-        self.add_field('Handyempfang', ValueCommentListNeinLoopNone())
-        self.add_field('Homepage', UrlNeinNone())
-        self.add_field('E-Mail', EmailCommentListNeinLoopNone(allow_masked_email=True))
-        self.add_field('Telefon', PhoneCommentListNeinLoopNone(comments_are_optional=True))
-        self.add_field('Bild', UnicodeNone())
-        self.add_field('Rodelbahnen', WikiPageListLoopNone())
+
+lift_german_converter = FromToConverter(lift_german_from_str, lift_german_to_str)
+
+
+def sledrental_from_str(value):
+    """The value can be an empty string, 'Nein' or a semicolon-separated list of strings with optional comments.
+    ''                                       => None
+    'Nein'                                   => []
+    'Talstation (nur mit Ticket); Schneealm' => [('Talstation', 'nur mit Ticket'), ('Schneealm', None)]"""
+    return opt_no_german_from_str(value, lambda val: enum_from_str(val, lambda v: value_comment_from_str(v, req_str_from_str, opt_str_from_str, True)), False, [], None)
+
+
+def sledrental_to_str(value):
+    return opt_no_german_to_str(value, lambda val: enum_to_str(val, lambda v: value_comment_to_str(v, str_to_str, opt_str_to_str, True)), False, [], None)
+
+
+sledrental_converter = FromToConverter(sledrental_from_str, sledrental_to_str)
+
+
+class ValueErrorList(ValueError):
+    pass
+
+
+def box_from_template(template, name, converter_dict):
+    if template.name.strip() != name:
+        raise ValueError('Box name has to be "{}"'.format(name))
+    result = OrderedDict()
+    exceptions_dict = OrderedDict()
+    # check values
+    for key, converter in converter_dict.items():
+        try:
+            if not template.has(key):
+                raise ValueError('Missing parameter "{}"'.format(key))
+            result[key] = converter.from_str(str(template.get(key).value.strip()))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            exceptions_dict[key] = e
+    # check if keys are superfluous
+    superfluous_keys = {str(p.name.strip()) for p in template.params} - set(converter_dict.keys())
+    for key in superfluous_keys:
+        exceptions_dict[key] = ValueError('Superfluous parameter: "{}"'.format(key))
+    if len(exceptions_dict) > 0:
+        raise ValueErrorList('{} error(s) occurred when parsing template parameters.'.format(len(exceptions_dict)), exceptions_dict)
+    return result
+
+
+def box_to_template(value, name, converter_dict):
+    template = mwparserfromhell.nodes.template.Template(name)
+    for key, converter in converter_dict.items():
+        template.add(key, converter.to_str(value[key]))
+    return template
+
+
+def template_from_str(value, name):
+    wikicode = mwparserfromhell.parse(value)
+    template_list = wikicode.filter_templates(name)
+    if len(name) == 0:
+        raise ValueError('No "{}" template was found'.format(name))
+    if len(template_list) > 1:
+        raise ValueError('{} "{}" templates were found'.format(len(template_list), name))
+    return template_list[0]
+
+
+def box_from_str(value, name, converter_dict):
+    template = template_from_str(value, name)
+    return box_from_template(template, name, converter_dict)
+
+
+def box_to_str(value, name, converter_dict):
+    return str(box_to_template(value, name, converter_dict))
+
+
+RODELBAHNBOX_TEMPLATE_NAME = 'Rodelbahnbox'
+
+
+RODELBAHNBOX_DICT = OrderedDict([
+    ('Position', opt_lonlat_converter), # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
+    ('Position oben', opt_lonlat_converter), # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
+    ('Höhe oben', opt_meter_converter), # '2000'
+    ('Position unten', opt_lonlat_converter), # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
+    ('Höhe unten', opt_meter_converter), # '1200'
+    ('Länge', opt_meter_converter), # 3500
+    ('Schwierigkeit', opt_difficulty_german_converter), # 'mittel'
+    ('Lawinen', opt_avalanches_german_converter), # 'kaum'
+    ('Betreiber', opt_str_converter), # 'Max Mustermann'
+    ('Öffentliche Anreise', opt_public_transport_german_converter), # 'Mittelmäßig'
+    ('Aufstieg möglich', opt_bool_german_converter), # 'Ja'
+    ('Aufstieg getrennt', opt_tristate_german_comment_converter), # 'Ja'
+    ('Gehzeit', opt_minutes_converter), # 90
+    ('Aufstiegshilfe', lift_german_converter), # 'Gondel (unterer Teil)'
+    ('Beleuchtungsanlage', opt_tristate_german_comment_converter),
+    ('Beleuchtungstage', nightlightdays_converter), # '3 (Montag, Mittwoch, Freitag)'
+    ('Rodelverleih', sledrental_converter), # 'Talstation Serlesbahnan'
+    ('Gütesiegel', cachet_german_converter), # 'Tiroler Naturrodelbahn-Gütesiegel 2009 mittel'
+    ('Webauskunft', webauskunft_converter), # 'http://www.nösslachhütte.at/page9.php'
+    ('Telefonauskunft', telefonauskunft_converter), # '+43-664-5487520 (Mitterer Alm)'
+    ('Bild', opt_str_converter),
+    ('In Übersichtskarte', opt_bool_german_converter),
+    ('Forumid', opt_int_converter)
+])
+
+
+def rodelbahnbox_from_template(template):
+    return box_from_template(template, RODELBAHNBOX_TEMPLATE_NAME, RODELBAHNBOX_DICT)
+
+
+def rodelbahnbox_to_template(value):
+    return box_to_template(value, RODELBAHNBOX_TEMPLATE_NAME, RODELBAHNBOX_DICT)
+
+
+def rodelbahnbox_from_str(value):
+    return box_from_str(value, RODELBAHNBOX_TEMPLATE_NAME, RODELBAHNBOX_DICT)
+
+
+def rodelbahnbox_to_str(value):
+    template = rodelbahnbox_to_template(value)
+    template_to_table(template, 20)
+    return str(template)
+
+
+GASTHAUSBOX_TEMPLATE_NAME = 'Gasthausbox'
+
+
+'''
+GASTHAUSBOX_DICT = OrderedDict([
+    ('Position', opt_lonlat_converter), # '47.583333 N 15.75 E'
+    ('Höhe', opt_meter_converter),
+    ('Betreiber', opt_str_converter),
+    ('Sitzplätze', opt_int_converter),
+    ('Übernachtung', BoolUnicodeTupleValidator()),
+    ('Rauchfrei', opt_tristate_german_validator),
+    ('Rodelverleih', BoolUnicodeTupleValidator()),
+    ('Handyempfang', ValueCommentListNeinLoopNone()),
+    ('Homepage', webauskunft_converter),
+    ('E-Mail', EmailCommentListNeinLoopNone(allow_masked_email=True)),
+    ('Telefon', PhoneCommentListNeinLoopNone(comments_are_optional=True)),
+    ('Bild', opt_str_converter),
+    ('Rodelbahnen', WikiPageListLoopNone())])
+'''

 
 
 def sledrun_page_title_to_pretty_url(page_title):
 
 
 def sledrun_page_title_to_pretty_url(page_title):